MIT researchers, together with collaborators from Harvard University, Rice University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory and Pohang University in South Korea, have developed a technique that uses graphene to grow air-stable, wafer-scale monolayer superconductors, addressing a longstanding barrier to using these ultrathin materials in practical quantum computing hardware.
The superconducting material (yellow/blue) grows in the tiny gap beneath a graphene layer (grey) placed atop a silicon dioxide substrate (purple). The graphene shields it from oxidation while guiding it into a smooth, uniform film over a large area. image credit: MIT
Two-dimensional superconductors are attractive for quantum circuits because their compact size and high crystallinity could enable far smaller quantum devices. However, they degrade almost immediately when exposed to air. Niobium diselenide (NbSe2), a monolayer superconductor with especially high kinetic inductance – a property that lets it store large amounts of inductive energy in a very small area – has been particularly difficult to work with at scale: researchers have had to rely on small flakes produced by exfoliation, since large-area growth attempts oxidize and degrade before they can be protected.
MIT researchers, together with collaborators from Harvard University, Rice University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory and Pohang University in South Korea, have developed a technique that uses graphene to grow air-stable, wafer-scale monolayer superconductors, addressing a longstanding barrier to using these ultrathin materials in practical quantum computing hardware.
The superconducting material (yellow/blue) grows in the tiny gap beneath a graphene layer (grey) placed atop a silicon dioxide substrate (purple). The graphene shields it from oxidation while guiding it into a smooth, uniform film over a large area. image credit: MITTwo-dimensional superconductors are attractive for quantum circuits because their compact size and high crystallinity could enable far smaller quantum devices. However, they degrade almost immediately when exposed to air. Niobium diselenide (NbSe2), a monolayer superconductor with especially high kinetic inductance – a property that lets it store large amounts of inductive energy in a very small area – has been particularly difficult to work with at scale: researchers have had to rely on small flakes produced by exfoliation, since large-area growth attempts oxidize and degrade before they can be protected.
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