A University of Cambridge research team has developed a triaxial force microsensor array using graphene-liquid metal composites, enabling robots to sense force magnitude, direction, slip, and surface roughness at scales rivaling human fingertips. This achievement addresses key limitations in tactile sensing for neuroprosthetics, human-machine interfaces, and dexterous robotics by decoupling normal and tangential forces through multiscale pyramid microstructures.
The device employs anisotropic porous conductive elastomers (APEs) with a hybrid filler of spiky nickel particles, few-layer graphene nanosheets, and eutectic gallium-indium (EGaIn) liquid metal microdroplets. These form a solid-liquid conductive network where LM droplets act as deformable hubs bridged by graphene sheets, cured under magnetic fields to align fillers directionally within an interconnected microporous structure. Pyramid-shaped units, as small as 200 μm across, mimic human epidermal microstructures to concentrate stress at tips, boosting sensitivity while spanning wide force ranges.
A University of Cambridge research team has developed a triaxial force microsensor array using graphene-liquid metal composites, enabling robots to sense force magnitude, direction, slip, and surface roughness at scales rivaling human fingertips. This achievement addresses key limitations in tactile sensing for neuroprosthetics, human-machine interfaces, and dexterous robotics by decoupling normal and tangential forces through multiscale pyramid microstructures.The device employs anisotropic porous conductive elastomers (APEs) with a hybrid filler of spiky nickel particles, few-layer graphene nanosheets, and eutectic gallium-indium (EGaIn) liquid metal microdroplets. These form a solid-liquid conductive network where LM droplets act as deformable hubs bridged by graphene sheets, cured under magnetic fields to align fillers directionally within an interconnected microporous structure. Pyramid-shaped units, as small as 200 μm across, mimic human epidermal microstructures to concentrate stress at tips, boosting sensitivity while spanning wide force ranges.
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